Introduction to Mexican Illegal Immigration

Mexican illegal immigration is a complex and multifaceted issue that has shaped the demographic landscape of the United States for several decades. Understanding when this phenomenon began requires a look back at the historical context and the factors that contributed to the migration of Mexicans across the border.

Early Beginnings: The Late 19th Century

The roots of Mexican illegal immigration can be traced back to the late 19th century. During this period, the United States experienced a significant labor shortage, particularly in the agricultural sector. Mexican workers began to cross the border in search of better job opportunities, driven by economic hardship and the promise of higher wages.

At this time, the border between Mexico and the United States was not as well-defined as it is today. The Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 had resulted in the loss of a significant portion of Mexican territory to the United States, creating a loosely monitored border region. This lack of effective border control facilitated the movement of Mexicans into the United States.

The Great Depression and World War II: A Turning Point

The Great Depression of the 1930s and World War II marked a turning point in the history of Mexican illegal immigration. The economic downturn in the United States led to a tightening of immigration policies, making it more difficult for Mexicans to obtain legal entry. Despite these restrictions, the demand for labor in the United States remained high, and many Mexicans continued to cross the border illegally.

During World War II, the U.S. government implemented the Bracero Program, which allowed Mexican workers to enter the United States legally to work in agricultural jobs. However, the program was temporary, and once it ended, many workers remained in the United States, often without legal status.

The Post-War Era and the Rise of Illegal Immigration

After World War II, the United States experienced a period of economic growth, which led to increased demand for labor. Many Mexicans continued to migrate to the United States, driven by the promise of better living conditions and higher wages. The post-war era saw a significant increase in illegal immigration, as the border remained porous and enforcement efforts were limited.

Several factors contributed to the rise of illegal immigration during this period. The U.S. economy was booming, creating jobs that were difficult to fill with the available workforce. Additionally, the Mexican economy was struggling, with high unemployment rates and limited opportunities for economic advancement.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Mexican illegal immigration began in the late 19th century, but it was the economic and political changes of the 20th century that significantly increased the scale of this migration. The complex interplay of economic factors, political policies, and social dynamics has made Mexican illegal immigration a persistent and challenging issue for the United States. Understanding the historical context of this phenomenon is crucial for addressing the challenges it presents in the modern era.